As we endeavor to devise new methodologies to mitigate the impacts of global climate change, the significance of water, a fundamental resource, is steadily increasing. In addition to everyday water consumption, the management of water resources has become a central focus in sustainability initiatives. The concept of Blue Economy, which centers on oceans and seas, is acknowledged as a distinctive element of sustainable development. This model aims to utilize natural resources more effectively and sustainably, emphasizing the preservation of water resources, which constitute 80% of global trade, as a cornerstone for a more sustainable world for future generations.

What exactly is the Blue Economy?

Economist Gunter Pauli, often likened to the Steve Jobs of sustainability, introduced the concept of Blue Economy back in 1994. Pauli's exploration of global economics, encompassing nearly 200 case studies, aimed to establish ways to become a significant player in the field while promoting environmental and economic leadership through enhanced utilization of oceans and seas. Through his initiative, ZERI (Zero Emissions Research and Initiatives), Pauli initiated the development of a business planning philosophy focused on not just maximizing profits but also delivering multiple benefits at reduced costs. This philosophy evolved into a long-term development project.

After being introduced for the first time under the ZERI framework, Blue Economy was presented at COP3, where the Kyoto Protocol was agreed upon. Subsequently, it underwent extensive studies and refinements by institutions like the United Nations and the World Bank. In 2012, at the Climate Change Summit in Doha, Qatar, there was a realization of the immense importance of optimizing the potential of the world's water resources, covering 70% of the Earth's surface, for sustainable development. Consequently, the Blue Economy emerged as a novel pathway for global progress.

“It has been concluded that optimizing the potential of water resources, which cover 70% of the Earth's surface, holds immense significance for sustainable development.”

What makes water resources significant?

For many years, discussions surrounding climate change were primarily focused on temperature differentials and atmospheric occurrences. However, recent studies have broadened this narrow view. The emergence of the Blue Economy, prompted by scientists reminding us that oceans serve as the primary circulation system regulating the planet's temperature, underscores the crucial importance of water resources for fostering a more equitable and sustainable world. This critical significance is derived from the various benefits provided by water resources, including:

• Oceans and seas, which cover 70% of the Earth's surface, generate half of the oxygen essential for all living organisms.
• Oceans absorb over 25% of the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere by human activities.
• Fishing and aquaculture sectors create job opportunities for approximately 60 million individuals each year.
• Ports, shipyards and maritime logistics not only generate employment but also support the tourism industry.
• Water resources serve as a primary food source for half of the global population.
• Tidal events and the harnessing of wave and ocean currents for hydrokinetic energy production present environmentally sustainable energy alternatives.

“The emergence of the Blue Economy, triggered by scientists reminding us that oceans are the sole circulation system redistributing the planet's temperature, underscores the vital importance of water resources for fostering a fairer and more sustainable world.”

What advantages will the Blue Economy offer?

As every nation seeks economic growth, improved livelihoods and expanded employment opportunities, the Blue Economy presents a broader perspective, suggesting that we can achieve solutions by conserving and effectively utilizing the potential of natural resources. It underscores the vital importance of oceans, which host approximately 80% of the planet's biodiversity, in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change as natural carbon sinks.

Given that oceans and seas constitute the largest ecosystem on Earth, ensuring their sustainability is paramount. The Blue Economy model, encompassing all economic activities aimed at sustaining marine ecosystems, along with emerging approaches and relevant policies, continues to evolve through ongoing research and development efforts. It progresses with specific targets set for 2030.

“The critical importance of oceans, which harbor approximately 80% of the planet's biodiversity and serve as natural carbon sinks, in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change is underscored.”

How is the world addressing the issue?

European Union nations, as early adopters of the Blue Economy concept, hold a prominent global position in ocean energy technology. With a focus on generating 35% of their electricity from water sources by 2050, these countries are also leading efforts in sustainable fishing practices and pioneering methods to enhance ecosystem health and combat pollution.

In addition to the European Union's initiatives, the United Nations has designated Goal 14, "Life Below Water," which aims to increase marine protected areas from 11% to 30% by 2030 and promote the conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas, and marine resources.

Türkiye leads the Blue Economy in the Mediterranean

Türkiye stands out as a leader in the Blue Economy within the Mediterranean region due to its strategic geopolitical position. Through the implementation of innovative technologies and awareness campaigns, Türkiye is carving its own path. Over the last three decades, Türkiye has significantly expanded its aquaculture sector by 10-15%, ranking third globally, trailing only behind China and India. Additionally, investments in port infrastructure, shipyards, and yacht tourism have contributed to 20% of the country's coastal tourism revenue. Alongside these economic endeavors, considerable efforts are being made to foster societal awareness regarding the impact of climate change on biodiversity through various campaigns and initiatives.

What initiatives does SOCAR Türkiye undertake in the realm of the Blue Economy?

At SOCAR Türkiye, we distinguish ourselves through our commitment to environmental awareness and the promotion of a sustainable world through voluntary activities within Türkiye. Furthermore, our efforts within the domain of the Blue Economy are generating notable impacts. In 2023, we collaborated with the Bursa Metropolitan Municipality to support cleaning initiatives addressing the sea snot issue in the Marmara Sea. Through a coordinated event, our project, led by experienced SOCAR Türkiye employees forming the SOCAR Türkiye Volunteers Bursagaz Environmental Team, conducted thorough underwater cleaning by diving up to 18 meters deep in the Marmara Sea. Despite limited visibility of only one meter due to sea snot, this endeavor not only left a significant mark on the region's ecosystem but also aided in the removal of waste and debris from the water surface, facilitated by Bursa Metropolitan Municipality's sea snot intervention tool.

Through our endeavors in preserving natural resources, SOCAR Türkiye holds a distinct place. We persist in upholding our leadership role in this domain by contributing projects that bolster our nation's Blue Economy. Mindful of our obligations to society and the environment and driven by a firm belief in a cleaner future, we concentrate on efficiently managing our social, economic and environmental influences, commencing from our operational areas and extending globally to foster sustainable development.

We are committed to working for a better tomorrow with the energy of today.